10 Countries with the Fewest Public Holidays in 2026

The world's leanest holiday calendars

Public holidays are a visible expression of a country's political and cultural priorities. Some nations stack their calendars high — Cambodia and Iran routinely top the global count with 27 or more statutory days off, while India and Colombia each clear the eighteen-day mark. At the other end of the table sit the lean operators: countries whose statutory non-working days barely fill a single hand. In 2026 the most notable entries on that list are Mexico, the Netherlands and England and Wales, each with fewer than nine federal public holidays.

A small calendar is not necessarily a sign of overwork. Most of the countries on this list pair a thin set of public holidays with generous statutory annual leave, longer parental leave, and shorter average working weeks than the OECD mean. A handful — most prominently the United States — combine few holidays with no statutory paid leave at all, and stand out for it. This article ranks the ten leanest in 2026, explains why each ended up with so few, and looks at what the productivity data has to say about the trade-off.

The Bottom 10: Statutory Public Holidays in 2026

The table below counts only federal or nationwide statutory public holidays. Regional or state-level additions (and they can be substantial — Bavaria has 13, Catalonia has up to 14) are noted in the country sections that follow.

The OECD median for member states sits at around eleven statutory days. Every country in the table above is at or below that figure.

Country by Country: Why So Few?

Mexico — 7

Mexico has the leanest calendar in the OECD, with just seven días de descanso obligatorio under Article 74 of the Federal Labour Law: New Year's Day, Constitution Day (first Monday of February), Benito Juárez's birthday (third Monday of March), Labour Day, Independence Day, Revolution Day (third Monday of November), and Christmas Day. Inauguration Day (1 December) is added every six years, most recently in 2024 — so there is no presidential transition holiday in 2026.

The relative thinness reflects a deliberate post-2006 reform. Several traditional dates were rolled into Monday observances to consolidate long weekends without expanding the total count. Religious observances such as Holy Thursday, Good Friday and All Souls' Day are widely respected culturally but are not statutory; Mexican workers who take them off generally do so by custom or collective agreement rather than legal entitlement.

Australia — 7–8 nationwide

Australia is a federation in which the states, not the Commonwealth, set most public holidays. Only a small core — New Year's Day, Australia Day, Good Friday, Easter Monday, Anzac Day, Christmas Day and Boxing Day — is observed in every state and territory. The Queen's (now King's) Birthday, Labour Day and a clutch of regional dates are observed on different dates in different states. Most Australians, in practice, see eleven to thirteen holidays per year once their state's additions are counted, but the nationwide statutory floor is just seven or eight.

Netherlands — 8

The Dutch have no statutory list of public holidays in the way most countries do. Instead, observances are governed by collective bargaining agreements (cao) and centuries of custom. The conventional list — New Year's Day, Good Friday (in many sectors), Easter Monday, King's Day, Liberation Day (every five years), Ascension Day, Whit Monday, and Christmas plus Boxing Day — gives eight working days off in 2026. Liberation Day (5 May) is statutory only in years ending in zero or five, so 2026 misses out.

England and Wales — 8

England and Wales recognise eight bank holidays under the Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971: New Year's Day, Good Friday, Easter Monday, the early May bank holiday, the spring bank holiday, the summer bank holiday, Christmas Day and Boxing Day. Northern Ireland adds two (St Patrick's Day and the Battle of the Boyne); Scotland substitutes 2 January and St Andrew's Day for Easter Monday in most sectors. Britain has historically had one of the leanest calendars in Europe, partly a legacy of nineteenth-century industrial culture and partly a deliberate trade-off against statutory annual leave.

Germany — 9

Federal law mandates nine public holidays nationwide, but each Land may add its own. The result is a federal floor of 9 that rises to 13 in Bavaria and 12 in Baden-Württemberg, with the largely Protestant northern states (Berlin, Hamburg, Bremen) adding only one or two. Reunification Day (3 October) is the sole post-war addition; everything else dates from earlier custom or church practice.

Canada — 10

Canadian federal public holidays — under the Canada Labour Code — number ten in 2026, including the National Day for Truth and Reconciliation (30 September), added in 2021. Provinces add up to four more, and Civic Holiday (the first Monday of August) is observed in most of the country but is not federally mandated. Quebec, with its Saint-Jean-Baptiste Day on 24 June, ends up with the most generous provincial calendar.

Denmark — 10

Denmark's count fell by one in 2023, when Parliament abolished Store Bededag (Great Prayer Day, the fourth Friday after Easter) to fund increased defence spending. The change cut the calendar from eleven to ten and was politically contentious — but durable. Danes retain generous statutory leave and one of the world's shortest working weeks, so the practical impact has been muted.

Ireland — 10

Ireland gained a tenth statutory public holiday in 2023 with the introduction of St Brigid's Day on the first Monday in February (or 1 February if it falls on a Friday). The full set covers New Year's Day, St Brigid's Day, St Patrick's Day, Easter Monday, the four "May/June/August/October" Monday holidays, Christmas Day and St Stephen's Day.

Belgium — 10

Belgium's ten federal holidays are bolstered by linguistic-community days that vary by region: 11 July in Flanders, 27 September in the French Community, and 15 November in the German-speaking East. These are usually observed only in the public sector. Most private employers stick to the federal ten.

United States — 11

The United States has eleven federal public holidays under 5 U.S.C. § 6103: New Year's Day, Martin Luther King Jr Day, Washington's Birthday (Presidents' Day), Memorial Day, Juneteenth, Independence Day, Labor Day, Columbus Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving and Christmas. These are paid days off only for federal employees. Private employers are under no obligation to grant any of them, and there is no federal statutory entitlement to paid annual leave at all. The US is the only OECD country with that distinction.

Compensation Through Annual Leave

Most countries on this list compensate for thin holiday calendars with generous statutory annual leave. Under the EU Working Time Directive (2003/88/EC) every member state must guarantee at least four weeks of paid leave per year. Several go well beyond that floor.

Once paid leave is added in, the picture changes: a German worker with 9 federal holidays and 30 days of contractual leave is off 39 days per year. A British worker on 28 days inclusive of bank holidays gets 28. An American on the average private-sector package with 11 holidays and 11 days of leave gets 22.

The US Outlier

The United States is the only OECD economy without a statutory paid-leave entitlement. The Fair Labor Standards Act, which governs minimum wages and overtime, says nothing about vacation. The result, documented year after year by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, is that roughly one in four private-sector workers receives no paid leave at all, while the median offer for full-time workers with five years' service is about ten days.

OECD comparative reports — including the Society at a Glance and Employment Outlook series — flag this as a significant leave-policy gap among advanced economies. Because federal holidays are paid only for federal employees and the federally regulated private sector, they do not close it: a retail or hospitality worker in the United States may legally be required to work on Christmas Day for ordinary wages.

Productivity Versus Leisure

Does a leaner calendar mean more output? The OECD's productivity-per-hour-worked statistics complicate the assumption. Germany, with 9 federal holidays and 30+ days of contractual leave, ranks in the top ten of OECD countries by GDP per hour worked, comfortably ahead of the United States' eleven-holiday norm. The Netherlands and Denmark, also lean on holidays but generous on annual leave, sit even higher.

The OECD data suggests that what matters for productivity is the combined leisure-and-working-time budget, not the number of public holidays alone. Countries that have traded public holidays for generous statutory leave — the Dutch, Danish, and German model — tend to score well on both productivity-per-hour and self-reported life satisfaction. Countries with many holidays but limited annual leave tend to score lower on both. The American case — few holidays, no statutory leave — records GDP per hour worked similar to Britain's, despite a higher headline GDP per capita driven by longer hours and more weeks worked.

Key Facts